Parrot Crossbill

The Parrot Crossbill, Loxia pytyopsittacus, is a small passerine bird belonging to the finch family, Fringillidae. It is a robust bird, slightly larger than its relatives, with a distinctive large head and a thick bill, the tips of which cross over, a feature that is characteristic of the crossbills and aids in their specialized feeding habits.

Identification Tips

Adult males exhibit a striking red or orange plumage, while females are typically green or yellow, though there is considerable variation. The Parrot Crossbill is a challenging bird to identify, as it closely resembles the red and Scottish crossbills. It measures 16 to 18 cm in length with a wingspan of 27 to 31 cm and weighs between 44 to 58.2 grams. The bill is notably thicker than that of other crossbills, and the crossed tips may not always be apparent. The bird's call, a deeper, harder "choop" or "tyuup," is a reliable indicator for identification.

Habitat

The Parrot Crossbill is found in pine forests, where it breeds and resides.

Distribution

This species is native to northern and northeastern Europe, extending into western Russia. A small population exists in Scotland, which complicates its distinction from the sympatric red crossbill and the endemic Scottish crossbill.

Behaviour

Outside of the breeding season, Parrot Crossbills are known to form flocks, which can sometimes include other crossbill species. They are primarily resident birds but may migrate if food sources become scarce.

Song & Calls

The Parrot Crossbill's call is a distinctive, deeper, and harder "choop" or "tyuup," which serves as one of the best indicators for distinguishing it from similar species.

Diet and Feeding

Specialized feeders on conifer cones, the Parrot Crossbill's unique bill shape is an adaptation that facilitates the extraction of seeds from the cones. They have a particular preference for the cones of Scots pine.

Conservation status

The Parrot Crossbill is currently listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List, indicating that it is not at immediate risk of widespread decline.