White-browed Bulbul

The White-browed Bulbul, known scientifically as Pycnonotus luteolus, is a small bird with a distinctive appearance. It measures approximately 20 cm in length and is adorned with olive-grey upperparts contrasted by whitish underparts. A striking feature is its pale supercilium, which gives the bird its name, accompanied by a white crescent below the eye. The eyestripe and moustachial stripe are dark, providing a sharp contrast. A touch of yellow graces the vent and chin, while the throat remains predominantly whitish. Both sexes share similar plumage, making them indistinguishable in the field.

Identification Tips

When attempting to identify the White-browed Bulbul, look for the characteristic white eyebrow stripe and the yellowish vent. The bird's song, a rich and spluttering warble, is often a giveaway to its presence. It is known to perch atop a bush to vocalize before diving back into the vegetation, making visual identification challenging.

Habitat

This species thrives in dense scrub habitats, preferring the security of thick vegetation. It is also commonly found in gardens and woodlands with ample shrubbery, where it can easily remain concealed.

Distribution

The White-browed Bulbul is endemic to Sri Lanka and peninsular India. Its range extends from central and southern India to the island of Sri Lanka, with its northernmost boundary reaching across Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and western West Bengal.

Behaviour

White-browed Bulbuls are typically observed alone or in pairs, actively foraging within bushes for fruit, nectar, and insects. They exhibit a skulking behavior, often remaining hidden among the foliage.

Song & calls

The bird's vocalizations are a distinctive feature, with a song described as a rich, spluttering warble. It is more often heard than seen, using its voice to communicate within its dense habitat.

Breeding

The breeding season for the White-browed Bulbul is quite extended, ranging from March to September, with possible variations in different regions. They may breed twice a year, with peaks in February and September. The nest is a loosely constructed cup of twigs, cobwebs, and hair, typically situated low in a thick bush. A typical clutch consists of two eggs.

Similar Species

The Yellow-throated Bulbul is similar in appearance and vocalizations but can be distinguished by its habitat preference for rockier areas and its largely yellow throat.

Diet and Feeding

These bulbuls forage for fruit, nectar, and insects within the shelter of bushes, displaying a preference for a varied diet.

Conservation status

The IUCN Red List has classified the White-browed Bulbul as Least Concern, indicating that the species does not currently face any significant threats to its survival.