Eurasian Skylark

The Eurasian skylark (Alauda arvensis) is a passerine bird, a member of the lark family Alaudidae. It is a bird of open landscapes such as farmland and heath, distinguished by its streaked greyish-brown plumage above and on the breast, with a buff-white belly. Both sexes are similar in appearance, and the species is noted for the male's soaring song delivered during flight.

Identification Tips

This species measures 18–19 cm in length and exhibits a short, blunt crest on its head, which can be raised or lowered. In flight, the Eurasian skylark reveals a short tail and broad wings with white edges visible when the bird is flying away. The male's wings are broader than the female's, an adaptation linked to their prolonged hovering during courtship displays.

Habitat

Eurasian skylarks favor open farmland and heathland, where they can be seen walking along the ground, foraging for food.

Distribution

The Eurasian skylark is found across Europe and the Palearctic. It is mainly resident in the western part of its range, but eastern populations are migratory, moving south in winter. The species has also been introduced to Australia, New Zealand, and the Hawaiian Islands.

Behaviour

The skylark is known for its remarkable hovering flight and song. The male's song is a bubbling warble, often lasting two to three minutes, and can be heard when the bird ascends to heights of 50 to 100 meters.

Song & Calls

The male Eurasian skylark's song is a clear, melodious warble, performed during a high, hovering flight. The song can last for extended periods, especially later in the mating season.

Breeding

The female constructs an open nest on the ground, laying three to five eggs. Both parents feed the chicks, which leave the nest after eight to ten days, achieving flight at 18 to 20 days old. Multiple broods may be raised in a single season.

Similar Species

The Eurasian skylark can be confused with other lark species, but its distinctive flight and song, as well as the white edges on the tail and wings, aid in identification.

Diet and Feeding

The diet consists of insects and plant material, with seeds and young leaves consumed without husk removal. Insects are particularly important during the summer months.

Conservation status

The Eurasian skylark is classified as Least Concern by the IUCN. However, numbers have declined in some areas due to changes in agricultural practices. Conservation efforts are underway in various regions to improve habitat conditions for this species.