Palm Cockatoo

The palm cockatoo, known scientifically as Probosciger aterrimus, is a large, smoky-grey or black parrot belonging to the cockatoo family. It is distinguished by its massive black beak and striking red cheek patches, which vary in color with the bird's emotional state.

Identification Tips

This species is notable for its impressive size, with a length of 55 to 60 cm and a weight ranging from 910 to 1,200 grams. The palm cockatoo boasts one of the largest bills among parrots, second only to the hyacinth macaw. The male's beak is typically larger than the female's. The red cheek patch is a key feature for identification, especially since it changes color when the bird is excited or alarmed.

Habitat

Palm cockatoos inhabit rainforests and woodlands, primarily in New Guinea and the Cape York Peninsula of Queensland, Australia.

Distribution

These birds are native to New Guinea, the Aru Islands, and the Cape York Peninsula. They can be found in various locations, including near Sorong in West Papua, Indonesia.

Behaviour

Palm cockatoos are known for their unique territorial display, where males drum with sticks or seed pods against dead boughs or trees. This behavior is not only fascinating but also serves as a communication tool, with the drumming sounds carrying up to 100 meters. They are generally not seen in large flocks, with typically one to six individuals feeding together.

Song & Calls

The vocal repertoire of the palm cockatoo includes typical parrot sounds, but males also produce a variety of syllables during displays and interactions with neighbors. These complex sequences of sounds are unique to individuals, particularly in the Iron Range population.

Breeding

Palm cockatoos have a low breeding success rate, laying only one egg every second year. However, they compensate with a long lifespan, with breeding commencing at an advanced age and anecdotal evidence suggesting they can live up to 80 or 90 years in captivity.

Similar Species

There are no similar species that share the palm cockatoo's combination of size, coloration, and distinctive cheek patches.

Diet and Feeding

Their diet consists mainly of pandanus palm fruit and kanari tree nuts. They also consume fruits from various trees, including the Darwin stringy bark and nonda tree, as well as seeds from the cocky apple, beach almond, and black bean tree.

Conservation status

The palm cockatoo is classified as Near Threatened due to habitat destruction and hunting. In Australia, they are considered Vulnerable, with threats including bauxite mining and altered fire regimens.

Aviculture

In captivity, palm cockatoos are fed a diet of specially formulated pellets and a variety of fruits, vegetables, and nuts. Their unique appearance makes them highly sought after in the pet trade.