Brown-hooded Gull

The Brown-hooded Gull (Chroicocephalus maculipennis) is a striking bird, its plumage a contrast of crisp white and deep brown. The head and throat are cloaked in dark brown, while the neck, chest, and abdomen gleam white. A distinctive white semicircle adorns the area behind the eye. Its beak and legs are a vibrant red, adding a splash of color to its appearance. The wings are a study in gray, with primary flight feathers in a darker shade and secondaries and coverts a lighter hue.

Identification Tips

When observing the Brown-hooded Gull, look for the dark brown head and throat, which are particularly prominent in the mature bird. The white semicircle around the posterior part of the eye is a key feature to distinguish it from similar species. The red beak and legs are also notable identification markers. There is no significant sexual dimorphism, so males and females appear similar.

Habitat

This gull favors a variety of wetland habitats, including freshwater lakes, intertidal marshes, and river banks. It is also known to frequent open fields, demonstrating its adaptability to different environments.

Distribution

The Brown-hooded Gull breeds in the southern reaches of South America, from Argentine and Chilean Patagonia to the Falkland Islands and Uruguay. During the winter months, it expands its range northward to the coasts of north Chile and central Brazil.

Behaviour

These gulls are social creatures, often seen in groups. They exhibit a fascinating behavior known as kleptoparasitism, where they steal food from other birds, such as crabs from the Red-gartered Coot and clams from the American Oystercatcher. They are adept at building floating nests among aquatic vegetation at the water's edge, where they lay three to four eggs.

Breeding

The Brown-hooded Gull's nesting strategy includes constructing floating nests in which to lay their eggs. The nests are typically located among aquatic vegetation at the edges of ponds and lakes. A clutch usually consists of three to four eggs.

Similar Species

The Franklin's Gull is a species that could be mistaken for the Brown-hooded Gull. However, the Franklin's Gull can be differentiated by its own unique markings and coloration.

Diet and Feeding

The diet of the Brown-hooded Gull is varied, including insects, carrion, and stolen food items. Their kleptoparasitic behavior is not only interesting but also highly efficient, especially when targeting the Red-gartered Coot for its catches.

Conservation status

The Brown-hooded Gull is currently listed as Least Concern by the IUCN, indicating that, at present, there are no immediate threats to its population numbers.