Ortolan Bunting

The Ortolan Bunting (Emberiza hortulana) is a small, elusive bird, a member of the Emberizidae family. It measures approximately 16-17 cm in length with a wingspan ranging from 23-29 cm. The bird's plumage is rather unassuming compared to its relative, the Yellowhammer, with a greenish-grey head rather than bright yellow.

Identification Tips

To identify the Ortolan Bunting, look for its subtle greenish-grey head, which sets it apart from the more vibrantly colored Yellowhammer. Its size and shape are similar to other buntings, making careful observation a necessity for proper identification.

Habitat

This species is known to frequent cornfields and their surroundings, where it can find seeds and insects to feed on. It is a bird of the European countryside, often found in open, rural landscapes.

Distribution

The Ortolan Bunting is native to a wide range across Europe and western Asia. Its range extends as far north as Scandinavia and even beyond the Arctic Circle. It is an uncommon vagrant to the British Isles and has been observed as far afield as coastal Karnataka, India.

Behaviour

Ortolans are ground nesters, often placing their nests close to or on the ground itself. They have been recorded to live up to six years and ten months in the wild.

Similar Species

The Ortolan Bunting is similar in size and shape to the Yellowhammer but can be distinguished by its less vibrant coloration and different song.

Diet and Feeding

Ortolans primarily feed on seeds, but their diet also includes beetles and other insects, especially when feeding their young.

Conservation status

As of the latest assessments, the Ortolan Bunting is listed as Least Concern by the IUCN. However, there are indications that the species may be in decline due to unsustainable hunting practices during migration.