Ruddy Shelduck

The Ruddy Shelduck, or Brahminy Duck as it is known in India, is a striking member of the Anatidae family. This waterfowl measures 58 to 70 cm in length and boasts a wingspan of 110 to 135 cm. Its plumage is primarily orange-brown, with a paler head and starkly contrasting black tail and flight feathers. The white wing-coverts are a distinctive feature, particularly noticeable in flight.

Identification Tips

Males are characterized by their vibrant orange-brown body and paler head, divided from the body by a slender black collar. The females, while similar in color, have a lighter head and lack the black collar. Both sexes exhibit variability in color intensity and can fade with feather aging. The bill is black, and the legs are a dark grey shade.

Habitat

The Ruddy Shelduck favors inland water bodies such as lakes, reservoirs, and rivers. It is often found in open areas and is less common in forested regions. It can also be found in brackish waters and saline lagoons.

Distribution

This species has a broad range, with small resident populations in Northwest Africa and Ethiopia. The main breeding areas span from southeast Europe to central Asia, with migratory populations wintering in the Indian subcontinent. Notably, a stable population has established itself in the Canary Islands.

Behaviour

The Ruddy Shelduck is primarily nocturnal and omnivorous, feeding on a variety of grasses, grains, aquatic plants, and invertebrates. It is typically seen in pairs or small groups and can be aggressive towards others during the breeding season.

Song & Calls

The bird's call is a series of loud, nasal honks, with discernible differences between the male and female calls. These calls vary in tone depending on the context in which they are made.

Breeding

The Ruddy Shelduck forms lasting pair bonds, with the female laying a clutch of about eight eggs in secluded locations, often far from water. Both parents are involved in rearing the young, which fledge approximately eight weeks after hatching.

Similar Species

While unique in its appearance, the Ruddy Shelduck can be confused with other shelduck species, though its distinctive coloration and white wing-coverts generally set it apart.

Diet and Feeding

This species grazes on land and dabbles in shallow waters, occasionally up-ending in deeper water but never diving.

Conservation Status

The Ruddy Shelduck is classified as Least Concern by the IUCN, with stable or increasing populations in central and eastern Asia. However, European populations are generally in decline due to habitat loss and hunting. The species is adaptable, which has allowed it to thrive in some new habitats such as reservoirs.