Sedge Wren

The Sedge Wren (Cistothorus stellaris), a diminutive and elusive member of the Troglodytidae family, is a bird of North American grasslands. This small wren, with a length of 10 to 12 cm and a weight of 7 to 10 g, is characterized by its tawny brown plumage, streaked with black and white, and a distinctive pale buff supercilium. The rump is a vibrant orange, and the tail is barred with black. Both sexes share similar plumage, though males are marginally larger.

Identification Tips

To identify the Sedge Wren, look for its streaked crown, which sets it apart from the similar Marsh Wren. Its long and slender beak, with a brown upper mandible and a yellow lower one, is also a key feature. The bird's wings are barred with black, white, and pale buff, and it has pink legs and feet. Juveniles resemble adults but have less streaking and a paler chest.

Habitat

Sedge Wrens are typically found in meadows and wet grasslands during the breeding season. They show a preference for dense, tall grasses and sedges for nest building. In winter, they adapt to a variety of habitats, including pine savannas and dry prairies, as long as there is an ample supply of insects.

Distribution

Breeding populations of Sedge Wrens are found across southern Canada and the United States, west of the Appalachians. During migration and winter, they range from Arkansas to Texas and Florida.

Behaviour

These wrens are known for their nomadic breeding habits, often relocating to new areas with suitable conditions. They are short-distance, nocturnal migrants, moving in response to the availability of insects.

Song & Calls

The male Sedge Wren's song is a distinctive 1.5 to 2-second melody, beginning with high notes or staccato chips followed by a series of thrills. Males sing to attract mates and engage in countersinging with rivals. Females also call but do not sing.

Breeding

Sedge Wrens exhibit both polygynous and monogamous mating systems. Males arrive early at breeding sites to establish territories and build multiple nests, which are used for nesting, as dormitories, and as decoys. Females lay an average of seven eggs, which are incubated for 12–16 days. The young are altricial and leave the nest after 11–16 days.

Similar Species

The Marsh Wren (Cistothorus palustris) is similar in appearance but can be distinguished by its larger size, unmarked crown, and different song.

Diet and Feeding

These wrens forage on the ground for insects and spiders, including moths, flies, and grasshoppers.

Conservation status

The Sedge Wren is currently listed as Least Concern by the IUCN, indicating a stable population across its range.