White-headed Wren

The White-headed Wren, a member of the Troglodytidae family, is a distinctive bird with a striking two-tone coloration. Adults of the species typically measure 18.5 cm in length and weigh between 27.5 to 39 grams. They exhibit a stark contrast between their pure white head, nape, and underparts, and the dull blackish-brown of their upperparts, save for a gray-brown vent area.

Identification Tips

When identifying the White-headed Wren, look for the large blocks of white and dark colors that are unique among wrens. Both sexes appear similar, with the nominate subspecies displaying a pure white head and underparts, while the subspecies C. a. harterti has slightly darker upperparts. Juveniles can be recognized by their streaky gray-brown crowns, buffy faces, and pale cinnamon bellies.

Habitat

This species thrives in both pristine and disturbed humid forests rich in epiphytes. It can be found from sea level up to elevations of 1,500 meters.

Distribution

The White-headed Wren is native to Central and South America, with the nominate subspecies residing in Panama, from the Canal Zone to western Darién Province. The subspecies C. a. harterti is found from eastern Darién through western Colombia, approaching the border with Ecuador.

Behaviour

The White-headed Wren is known to forage primarily in the middle to upper levels of the forest, often in small groups that may consist of extended family members. It shows a particular interest in epiphytes during its search for food.

Song & calls

Both sexes of the White-headed Wren produce a series of harsh, scratchy notes that constitute their song. Their call is described as a harsh 'kahk'.

Breeding

Nests of the White-headed Wren have been discovered to be globular with a side entrance, typically situated in epiphytes. Detailed information on their breeding habits, however, remains scarce.

Diet and Feeding

The diet of the White-headed Wren includes beetles, ants, and other insects. Observations suggest that they forage mostly in the forest's middle to upper strata.

Conservation status

The IUCN has classified the White-headed Wren as Least Concern. Although the exact population numbers are not known, the species is believed to have a stable population trend.