Red-capped Robin

The Red-capped Robin, scientifically known as Petroica goodenovii, is a diminutive passerine bird that graces the Australian landscape. This species is the smallest of the red robins, with a length ranging from 10.5 to 12.5 cm and a wingspan of 15 to 19.5 cm. The male is particularly striking with a vivid scarlet cap and breast, sharply contrasted by jet-black upperparts and a black tail adorned with white tips. The female, however, is more subdued in coloration, presenting a grey-brown plumage with a faint reddish hue on the crown.

Identification Tips

When identifying the Red-capped Robin, look for the male's distinctive red cap and breast, which set it apart from similar species. Both sexes possess a small, thin black bill, dark brown eyes, and legs. The male's white shoulder bars are also a key feature. Females and juveniles can be more challenging to distinguish but note the reddish tinge on the crown and the paler underparts.

Habitat

The Red-capped Robin favors dry scrublands and open woodlands, often dominated by Acacia and Callitris species. It thrives in arid environments, preferring habitats with a mix of understory shrubs and spinifex.

Distribution

This species is widespread across Australia, though it is notably absent from Tasmania, Cape York, the Top End, and most of the Kimberley. It is also found on several offshore islands, including Rottnest Island.

Behaviour

Red-capped Robins are typically seen alone or in pairs, and occasionally in small family groups. They are active birds, often seen perching prominently low to the ground and engaging in wing and tail flicking. The species is territorial during the breeding season, with males singing to proclaim their domain.

Song & Calls

The Red-capped Robin's vocal repertoire includes 'tinkle' and 'blurt' songs, which are used by males to advertise territories and attract mates. The songs vary slightly between mainland and island populations.

Breeding

Breeding occurs from August to January, with up to three broods possible within this period. Nests are artfully constructed by the female, often camouflaged with lichen to blend with the environment. Eggs are dull white with grey-brown splotches, and only the female incubates them.

Similar Species

The Red-capped Robin can be confused with the Flame Robin and Scarlet Robin. However, the male Red-capped Robin's red crown and smaller size, as well as the female's reddish crown and whiter underparts, aid in differentiation.

Diet and Feeding

The diet is primarily composed of insects and spiders. Red-capped Robins forage mostly on the ground, pouncing on prey from a low perch or occasionally capturing insects mid-air.

Conservation Status

The IUCN lists the Red-capped Robin as Least Concern. However, the species has experienced declines in certain areas due to habitat alteration and predation by introduced species such as feral cats.