Black Hawk-Eagle

The black hawk-eagle, scientifically known as Spizaetus tyrannus, is a majestic bird of prey with a commanding presence. Adults typically measure between 58 to 70 centimeters in length and weigh approximately 900 to 1,300 grams. Their plumage is predominantly black, adorned with intricate patterns on their wings and body, and accented with white speckling. The wings are barred and slightly elliptical, while the tail is long and narrow, usually held closed and featuring four distinctive grey bars. A notable white line can be observed just above the bird's eye.

Identification Tips

When observing the black hawk-eagle, look for its barred wings and the unique grey bars on its tail. The white line above the eye is also a key characteristic. In flight, the bird's broad and short wings are more noticeable, and the tail is typically kept closed.

Habitat

The black hawk-eagle favors humid and moist forests, often found close to rivers, as well as various types of woodlands.

Distribution

This species ranges from central Mexico through Central America and extends into South America, reaching the south of Brazil, Colombia, eastern Peru, and northern Argentina. It is considered uncommon to fairly common throughout most of its range.

Behaviour

The black hawk-eagle is a solitary creature, generally encountered alone except during territorial disputes or mating season. It employs a hunting strategy of brief perching to scan for prey before moving to another vantage point. Once prey is spotted, the eagle will either pounce or engage in tail-chasing to capture it.

Song & Calls

Unfortunately, the guide does not provide information on the song and calls of the black hawk-eagle.

Breeding

Breeding behavior of the black hawk-eagle is not well-documented. However, studies indicate that nests are typically built on lateral limbs of trees, at an average height of 25.5 meters. The species is known to lay single-egg clutches, with an estimated incubation period of 44 days. Breeding may be influenced by heavy rainfall.

Similar Species

The black hawk-eagle's closest relative is the ornate hawk-eagle, which shares similarities in size, appearance, and behavior but resides at lower elevations.

Diet and Feeding

Despite its relatively light and small stature for an eagle, the black hawk-eagle is a formidable predator. Its diet consists of large rodents, opossums, monkeys, and occasionally bats, birds, and reptiles, including iguanas and snakes. The birds it preys upon can be quite sizable, such as toucans, macaws, guans, and chachalacas.

Conservation status

The black hawk-eagle is currently listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List, indicating that it is not at immediate risk of population decline.