Pacific Reef Heron

The Pacific reef heron, known scientifically as Egretta sacra and also referred to as the eastern reef heron or egret, is a medium-sized bird that graces the coastal regions of southern Asia and Oceania. This species exhibits a fascinating non-sexual dimorphism, with individuals either adorned in a slaty grey or a pure white plumage, a characteristic that has intrigued observers and scientists alike.

Identification Tips

To identify the Pacific reef heron, look for a bird measuring 57 to 66 cm in length, with a wingspan stretching between 90 and 110 cm. Weighing an average of 400 grams, these herons possess yellow-grey legs and, in the case of the grey morph, a narrow white stripe graces their throat and chin. Their beaks are brown, eyes a captivating gold-yellow, and the face generally carries a greenish to yellow hue.

Habitat

The Pacific reef heron is a coastal bird, favoring rocky shores, coral reefs, and mangroves. It is a sight to behold as it stands motionless on the water's edge or gracefully stalks its prey in shallow waters.

Distribution

This heron's range is extensive, spanning from the coastal south of Bangladesh and the Andaman Islands to the Ryukyu Islands in southern Japan, across Australasia, Melanesia, and even reaching the Tuamotu Archipelago in eastern Polynesia. It is also found in New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands.

Behaviour

The Pacific reef heron is a solitary feeder, often seen alone when hunting. However, during breeding, it forms colonies, nesting in a variety of locations from jungle palms to old buildings.

Song & Calls

The vocalizations of the Pacific reef heron are less documented, but like many herons, they are likely to have a range of calls used during breeding and disturbances.

Breeding

Breeding occurs year-round, with nests made of branches and blossoms. Clutches typically consist of two to three pale greenish-blue eggs. Both parents share the responsibility of incubation, which lasts about 28 days, and continue to care for the chicks for approximately five weeks post-hatching.

Similar Species

The Pacific reef heron can be confused with other heron species, but its coastal habitat and color morphs are distinctive identifiers.

Diet and Feeding

Adept at fishing, the Pacific reef heron's diet consists mainly of fish, crustaceans, molluscs, and worms, which it catches with swift, precise movements.

Conservation status

Globally, the Pacific reef heron is listed as Least Concern by the IUCN. However, in New Zealand, it is considered "Nationally endangered" and "Regionally Critical" in the Wellington region, indicating that conservation efforts may be needed to ensure its continued presence in these areas.