Western Reef Heron

The Western Reef Heron, Egretta gularis, also known as the Western Reef Egret, is a medium-sized heron exhibiting remarkable plumage polymorphism. It presents itself in two primary color forms: an all-white morph resembling the Little Egret, and a dark grey morph with a distinctive white throat. During the breeding season, both morphs develop reddish legs and facial skin, and two elongated nape feathers.

Identification Tips

To distinguish the Western Reef Heron from similar species, observe the larger, yellower bill and the extended yellow on its thicker legs. The white morph is particularly active when foraging, often employing wing movements or shading techniques. The grey morph's whitish throat sets it apart from other herons within its range. The bill of the subspecies gularis is more pointed, while schistacea has a larger bill, especially towards the base.

Habitat

This heron favors coastal environments, where it can be seen stalking or ambushing its prey in shallow waters.

Distribution

The Western Reef Heron is found along the coasts of southern Europe, Africa, and parts of Asia. The subspecies gularis inhabits West Africa to Gabon, with some populations breeding in southern Europe. Subspecies schistacea ranges from the Persian Gulf to the eastern coast of India.

Behaviour

The Western Reef Heron exhibits dynamic foraging behavior, including running through shallow waters, stirring the water with its feet, or using its wings to disturb prey. It is also known to stand motionless, waiting to ambush its next meal.

Song & Calls

This species is not particularly vocal, but it does emit a low "kwok" or grating sounds when disturbed or near its nesting site.

Breeding

Breeding habitats are coastal wetlands. The heron nests in colonies, often on platforms of sticks in trees or shrubs. The usual clutch consists of three to four light blue eggs, with both parents sharing incubation duties.

Similar Species

The Little Egret (Egretta garzetta) is similar in appearance, especially the white morph of the Western Reef Heron. However, the Little Egret has a slimmer bill and lacks the yellow leg extensions seen in the Western Reef Heron.

Diet and Feeding

The diet primarily includes fish, crustaceans, and molluscs. In coastal areas, mudskippers are a regular part of their diet.

Conservation status

The IUCN lists the Western Reef Heron as Least Concern, indicating a stable population without significant immediate threats to its survival.