Nordmann's Greenshank

The Nordmann's greenshank, also known as the spotted greenshank, is a medium-sized sandpiper, measuring 29–32 cm in length. It is characterized by a slightly upturned, bicoloured bill and relatively short yellow legs. The breeding plumage of this bird is quite striking, with whitish spots and spangling on a black upper body, a heavily streaked head and upper neck, broad blackish crescentic spots on the lower neck and breast, and darker lores.

Identification Tips

When attempting to identify the Nordmann's greenshank, look for the unique combination of its slightly upturned bill, short yellow legs, and the distinctive spangled and streaked breeding plumage. The bird's non-breeding plumage is less bold, but the overall shape and bill characteristics remain good identification markers.

Habitat

The Nordmann's greenshank breeds in the wetlands of eastern Russia, particularly along the coasts of the Sea of Okhotsk and on Sakhalin Island.

Distribution

This species has a breeding range confined to eastern Russia. During the non-breeding season, it migrates to various parts of Asia, with significant numbers observed in South Korea, China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan during passage. It winters in countries including Bangladesh, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Malaysia. Occasional sightings have been reported in Japan, North Korea, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Singapore, the Philippines, and Indonesia. There are also unconfirmed records from Nepal and Guam. Notably, an individual has been observed overwintering in Cairns, Australia, returning for consecutive seasons.

Behaviour

The Nordmann's greenshank is a migratory bird, showcasing long-distance travel between its breeding and wintering grounds. Its behavior during the non-breeding season includes foraging in coastal wetlands and mudflats, often seen alone or in small groups.

Similar Species

The Nordmann's greenshank can be confused with the common greenshank; however, the former can be distinguished by its more boldly marked breeding plumage and slightly upturned bill.

Conservation status

The Nordmann's greenshank is currently listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. Its population is estimated to be between 500 and 1,000 individuals, indicating a species at significant risk of extinction if conservation measures are not effectively implemented.