Canyon Towhee

The Canyon Towhee, Melozone fusca, is a modestly adorned bird, cloaked in an earthy brown plumage that harmonizes with its arid surroundings. It possesses a notably elongated tail, contributing to its overall length of 19 to 25 centimeters. The bird's weight varies from a light 36.5 grams to a more substantial 67 grams, with an average mass hovering around 45 grams. Its wingspan, bill, and tarsus measure within the modest ranges of 8.2 to 10.1 centimeters, 1.4 to 1.7 centimeters, and 2.3 to 2.7 centimeters, respectively. A rufous cap adorns its head, although in central Mexico, this cap seamlessly blends with the back. Below the tail, a subtle reddish hue can be observed. The sexes are similar in appearance, exhibiting minimal sexual dimorphism.

Identification Tips

When attempting to identify the Canyon Towhee, look for its long tail and the rufous cap, which is distinct except in central Mexican populations. The bird's underparts are lighter than its overall earthy brown coloration, and the head is slightly darker. The reddish area beneath the tail is another characteristic to note.

Habitat

The Canyon Towhee is a denizen of the brush and chaparral, favoring lower elevations. It thrives in these scrubby landscapes, blending into the environment with its natural camouflage.

Distribution

This species is indigenous to the interior West, ranging from Arizona, southern Colorado, New Mexico, and western Texas, extending southward to northwestern Oaxaca in Mexico. It generally shuns coastal regions, preferring the solitude of the inland terrain.

Behaviour

The Canyon Towhee exhibits a preference for foraging on the ground or within low scrub, seldom venturing into the lofty tree canopy. In areas frequented by humans, it may be observed in parking lots, gleaning insects from car grilles and seeking refuge beneath vehicles when startled.

Conservation status

The IUCN Red List categorizes the Canyon Towhee as Least Concern, indicating a stable population without immediate threats to its survival.