Lark Sparrow

The lark sparrow, Chondestes grammacus, presents itself as a fairly large member of the New World sparrows, unique in its genus. Its plumage is a tapestry of nature's earth tones, with a back adorned in streaks of brown, contrasting with the white underparts, save for a singular dark central spot. A rich chestnut graces the cheeks and crown sides, framed by white eyebrow and crown stripes, while the tail boasts dark feathers with conspicuous white corners.

Identification Tips

Adult lark sparrows can be recognized by their distinctive head pattern with chestnut and white markings. The juveniles are somewhat more subdued in coloration, with streaked underparts. When observing these birds, look for:

• Length: 5.9-6.7 inches (15-17 cm)
• Weight: 0.8-1.2 ounces (24-33 g)
• Wingspan: 11.0 inches (28 cm)

Habitat

Lark sparrows show a preference for open habitats, including grasslands and areas of cultivation, where they can forage and nest with a modicum of shelter provided by the surrounding vegetation.

Distribution

Breeding populations of lark sparrows are found across southern Canada, the United States, and into northern Mexico. The species is less common in the eastern regions, where its range is experiencing a contraction. Birds residing in Mexico and adjacent U.S. states are year-round residents, while others migrate to winter in the southern United States, Mexico, and as far south as Guatemala. The lark sparrow is also a very rare vagrant to western Europe.

Behaviour

On the ground or in low bushes, lark sparrows are often seen foraging, sometimes forming flocks during migration or in the winter season. They exhibit a fascinating distraction display by adult females when predators approach their nests.

Song & Calls

The lark sparrow's song is a melodious combination of two clear notes followed by an intricate mix of buzzes and trills. Its flight call is a simple, thin "sit."

Breeding

The lark sparrow's breeding habitat is as diverse as the open spaces it inhabits. Nests are constructed on the ground, often sheltered by grass or other vegetation, where they lay three to six eggs adorned with black scrawling on a white background. They are sometimes targeted by the brown-headed cowbird for brood parasitism.

Diet and Feeding

A diet of seeds sustains the lark sparrow, though it is supplemented with insects, including grasshoppers, during the breeding season.

Conservation status

The lark sparrow is currently listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List, indicating that, for now, this species is not at immediate risk of decline.