Western Subalpine Warbler

The Western Subalpine Warbler, Curruca iberiae, is a diminutive and sprightly typical warbler known for its breeding in the warm southern reaches of Europe and the northwestern fringes of Africa. Exhibiting sexual dimorphism, the adult male is adorned with a slate-grey back and head, contrasting with brick-red underparts and distinctive white malar streaks, reminiscent of a dapper moustache. The female, more subdued in coloration, sports a brownish upper body with a greyer head, and a whitish underbelly tinged with a delicate pink flush.

Identification Tips

When attempting to identify this species, look for the male's grey back and head, red underparts, and white malar streaks. The female is less conspicuous, with her brown and grey upper parts and paler underparts. Both sexes share a characteristic white malar area and dark head in adult males, which can aid in distinguishing them from similar species.

Habitat

The Western Subalpine Warbler is a bird of arid, open landscapes, often found on sun-drenched hill slopes adorned with shrubbery suitable for nesting. It shows a preference for the complex structure of tall and dense heterogeneous maquis, interspersed with sparse trees.

Distribution

This warbler graces the southernmost locales of Europe and extends its range into northwestern Africa, where it is a familiar sight in suitable habitats.

Behaviour

Monogamous by nature, the male engages in the construction of several 'cock nests', though the final breeding nest is a collaborative effort between both sexes. This robust cup-shaped nest is carefully crafted from grasses, roots, and leaves, and lined with finer materials for comfort.

Song & Calls

The male's song is rapid and rattling, bearing a resemblance to the vocalizations of the lesser whitethroat, a useful cue for the keen-eared birdwatcher.

Breeding

Breeding season for the Western Subalpine Warbler spans from late March to late June. The nest, a deep and sturdy cup, is placed within low shrubbery or gorse, and the female typically lays a clutch of 3–5 eggs.

Similar Species

This warbler is related to the Sardinian and Menetries' warblers, which share similar white malar areas and dark heads in adult males. It is also akin to Rüppell's warbler and the Cyprus warbler, which also exhibit the white malar area with blackish above.

Diet and Feeding

Primarily insectivorous, the Western Subalpine Warbler feeds on small insects and their larvae. However, it adapts its diet to include berries and fruits outside the breeding season.