Splendid Fairywren

The Splendid Fairywren (Malurus splendens), a small and vibrant passerine bird, graces the Australian landscape with its presence. This species exhibits a striking sexual dimorphism, particularly noticeable in the male's breeding plumage, which boasts a brilliant blue and black coloration. The females and non-breeding males, on the other hand, display a more subdued grey-brown plumage.

Identification Tips

To identify the Splendid Fairywren, look for the male's bright blue forehead, ear coverts, and a violet throat during the breeding season. The wings, chest, and tail are a deeper blue, contrasted by a black bill, eye band, and chest band. Outside of the breeding season, males and females are similar, with grey-brown coloration, though females have a chestnut bill and eye-patch.

Habitat

The Splendid Fairywren favors a habitat that ranges from forest to dry scrub, with a preference for areas abundant in vegetation for shelter. They are not commonly found in urbanized areas or pine and eucalypt plantations due to the lack of undergrowth.

Distribution

This species is found across the Australian continent, from central-western New South Wales and southwestern Queensland to coastal Western Australia, predominantly in arid and semi-arid regions.

Behaviour

Splendid Fairywrens are socially monogamous yet sexually promiscuous, forming pairs but mating with multiple partners. They are active feeders, hopping and bouncing near shelter, and are known for their jaunty movements, assisted by their large tails.

Song & Calls

The Splendid Fairywren's call is a distinctive gushing reel, varying between individuals. A soft 'trrt' is used for contact within groups, while a 'tsit' serves as an alarm call.

Breeding

Breeding occurs from late August to January, with nests being dome-shaped structures woven by the female. Clutches typically consist of two to four eggs, with incubation lasting around two weeks. The young are cared for by all group members.

Similar Species

The Splendid Fairywren can be confused with other fairywren species, but its bright blue and black breeding plumage and habitat preferences help distinguish it.

Diet and Feeding

Insects form the bulk of the diet, supplemented by seeds, flowers, and fruit. They forage on the ground or in low shrubs and occasionally in the canopy of flowering gums.

Conservation status

The IUCN Red List classifies the Splendid Fairywren as Least Concern, indicating a stable population without significant threats to its survival.