Belted Kingfisher

The belted kingfisher (Megaceryle alcyon) is a robust, medium-sized bird, recognizable by its large head with a shaggy crest and its long, heavy bill, which is black with a grey base. Exhibiting reverse sexual dimorphism, the female is more vividly colored than the male. Both sexes possess a slate blue head, a prominent white collar, a blue breast band, and white underparts. Their back and wings are slate blue with black-tipped feathers adorned with small white spots. The female is distinguished by a rufous band across the upper belly that extends to the flanks. Juveniles resemble adults but have a rufous belly band, which is mottled in males and thinner in females.

Identification Tips

Adult males and females can be differentiated by the rufous belly band present in females. The bird's overall size ranges from 28–35 cm in length with a wingspan of 48–58 cm, and it weighs between 113 to 178 g. The female averages slightly larger than the male.

Habitat

The belted kingfisher is commonly found near inland water bodies or coasts, preferring areas with suitable perches for hunting.

Distribution

This species is native to North America, with a range that includes Canada, Alaska, and the United States. It migrates southward to Mexico, Central America, and the West Indies during winter, and is a rare visitor to northern South America.

Behaviour

The belted kingfisher is often observed perched near water, diving headfirst to catch fish. It also consumes amphibians, molluscs, crustaceans, insects, small mammals, birds, reptiles, and berries. Known for its rattling call, it is territorial during breeding season, with males defending the nest area.

Song & Calls

The belted kingfisher's call is a distinctive rattle, often heard as it flies over its aquatic hunting grounds.

Breeding

Nesting occurs in horizontal tunnels excavated in river or sand banks, with both parents sharing incubation and chick-feeding duties. The tunnel often slopes uphill, possibly to prevent flooding.

Similar Species

While unique in its range, the belted kingfisher could potentially be confused with other kingfisher species in overlapping territories.

Diet and Feeding

The belted kingfisher's diet includes fish, amphibians, and various invertebrates, which it catches by diving from perches close to water.

Conservation status

The belted kingfisher is currently classified as Least Concern by the IUCN, indicating a stable population.