Collared Kingfisher

The Collared Kingfisher (Todiramphus chloris), a medium-sized member of the Halcyoninae subfamily, is a vibrant presence in its habitat. Known by various names such as the White-collared Kingfisher, Black-masked Kingfisher, or Mangrove Kingfisher, it exhibits a striking blue to green plumage above, with underparts ranging from white to buff. A distinctive white collar graces its neck, inspiring its common name. Some subspecies may feature a white or buff stripe over the eye or a white spot between the eye and bill, and often a black stripe through the eye. The large bill is predominantly black with a pale yellow base to the lower mandible. Females may present a greener hue compared to males, while juveniles are more subdued with dark scaly markings on the neck and breast.

Identification Tips

When identifying the Collared Kingfisher, look for the characteristic white collar and the variation in plumage color from blue to green. The bill is a useful feature, being large and black with a pale base on the lower mandible. Sexual dimorphism is subtle, with females tending to be slightly greener. Juveniles can be recognized by their duller appearance and scaly patterns.

Habitat

This kingfisher is predominantly a coastal bird, favoring mangrove swamps. However, it is also known to inhabit a range of environments including farmland, open woodland, grassland, and gardens. In island regions, it may venture further inland into forests or mountainous areas.

Distribution

The Collared Kingfisher boasts a wide range, from the Red Sea across southern Asia to Polynesia. It is a common sight perched on wires, rocks, or bare branches within its extensive habitat.

Behaviour

This kingfisher is known for its patient hunting strategy, often perching motionless as it waits for prey. It exhibits a swift glide to snatch its meal before returning to its perch, where it may pound larger prey against the branch to subdue it.

Song & Calls

The Collared Kingfisher's vocalizations are geographically varied, but its most typical call is a loud, harsh "kee-kee-kee," which it repeats several times.

Breeding

Nesting occurs in natural tree holes or burrows excavated by the birds themselves in rotten trees, termite nests, or earth banks. They may also use old woodpecker holes. The clutch typically consists of two to five rounded, whitish eggs, incubated and cared for by both parents. Fledging occurs around 44 days post-hatching, with the possibility of two broods per year.

Diet and Feeding

The diet of the Collared Kingfisher is diverse, with a preference for small crabs and shrimps in coastal areas. It also consumes insects, spiders, earthworms, snails, frogs, lizards, small snakes, fish, and occasionally small birds and mice.

Conservation status

The Collared Kingfisher is classified as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List, thanks to its broad distribution and generally abundant population.