Indian Roller

The Indian roller (Coracias benghalensis) is a member of the family Coraciidae, notable for its robust build and broad wings. This bird measures 30–34 cm in length, with a wingspan of 65–74 cm, and weighs between 166–176 g. The plumage is a mix of brown, pinkish, and blue hues, with striking blue on the rump and wings. Both sexes share a similar appearance, and the species is recognized by two subspecies.

Identification Tips

When perched, the Indian roller may appear somewhat drab, but in flight, it reveals a dazzling display of bright blue and pale blue bands on its wings and tail. The face and throat exhibit a pinkish hue, while the head and back are predominantly brown. The sexes are alike, making differentiation in the field a challenge based on plumage alone.

Habitat

The Indian roller is commonly found in open grasslands and scrub forests, often perching on roadside trees and wires. It thrives in a variety of habitats, including human-modified landscapes such as agricultural fields and urban areas.

Distribution

This species has a wide distribution, ranging from West Asia across the Indian subcontinent. It is a familiar sight in many parts of its range, often observed in both rural and urban settings.

Behaviour

The Indian roller is known for its spectacular aerial acrobatics, particularly during the breeding season. These birds are typically solitary or found in pairs, patrolling their territory from a favored perch. They are not highly migratory, but their movement patterns are not fully understood.

Song & Calls

The vocal repertoire of the Indian roller includes a harsh "chack" or "tschow" call, with variations in pitch and duration. During display flights, the calls intensify, and when perched together, these birds engage in a staccato chatter.

Breeding

The breeding season for the Indian roller is from March to June. Pairs form strong bonds and engage in elaborate courtship displays. They nest in cavities, where the female lays 3–5 eggs, with both parents sharing incubation and chick-rearing duties.

Similar Species

The Indian roller can be confused with the European roller, which shares parts of its range. However, the European roller has a longer neck and tail and lacks the Indian roller's bright blue head.

Diet and Feeding

Adept at hunting from a perch, the Indian roller primarily feeds on insects, with beetles and grasshoppers comprising a significant portion of its diet. It also consumes small vertebrates on occasion.

Conservation status

The Indian roller is classified as Least Concern by the IUCN, with a seemingly stable and possibly increasing population. It has adapted well to human presence and does not currently face significant threats to its survival.