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Vireos, Greenlets, Shrike-babblers

Vireos are a family of small to medium-sized songbirds (Vireonidae) generally characterized by their dull, greenish plumage, found across the New World from Canada to Argentina, as well as Southeast Asia. The family comprises six genera, with a size range from the tiny Chocó vireo at 10 cm and 8 g to the larger peppershrikes at 17 cm and 40 g. These birds prefer forest environments, including canopies, undergrowth, and mangrove swamps. Most vireos from the US, Bermuda, and Canada are migratory, while others in Middle and South America are resident, often living in pairs or family groups that defend territories year-round. Vireo males are known for their singing, with variations in song complexity. Their breeding habits involve cup-shaped nests hanging from branches, with the female primarily responsible for incubation. Vireos mainly feed on insects and other arthropods, gleaning them from foliage or occasionally catching them in flight. The family is related to crows (Corvidae) and shrikes (Laniidae), and recent studies suggest unexpected relations to Asian genera Pteruthius and Erpornis, known as shrike-babblers. This diverse group, which includes the true vireos, greenlets, shrike-vireos, and peppershrikes, may be underrepresented at the generic and species levels, hinting at a more intricate taxonomic structure. The genera Vireo, Hylophilus, Tunchiornis, Pachysylvia, Cyclarhis, Vireolanius, and the Asian Pteruthius and Erpornis host many species, including the distinctive red-eyed vireo complex and various species unique to islands and specific habitats.

Regions

A photo of a Bell's Vireo (Vireo bellii)

Bell's Vireo

Vireo bellii

Black-capped Vireo

Vireo atricapilla
A photo of a Black-whiskered Vireo (Vireo altiloquus)

Black-whiskered Vireo

Vireo altiloquus
A photo of a Blue-headed Vireo (Vireo solitarius)

Blue-headed Vireo

Vireo solitarius

Cassin's Vireo

Vireo cassinii

Grey Vireo

Vireo vicinior
A photo of a Hutton's Vireo (Vireo huttoni)

Hutton's Vireo

Vireo huttoni
A photo of a Philadelphia Vireo (Vireo philadelphicus)

Philadelphia Vireo

Vireo philadelphicus
A photo of a Plumbeous Vireo (Vireo plumbeus)

Plumbeous Vireo

Vireo plumbeus
A photo of a Red-eyed Vireo (Vireo olivaceus)

Red-eyed Vireo

Vireo olivaceus

Thick-billed Vireo

Vireo crassirostris
A photo of a Warbling Vireo (Vireo gilvus)

Warbling Vireo

Vireo gilvus
A photo of a White-eyed Vireo (Vireo griseus)

White-eyed Vireo

Vireo griseus
A photo of a Yellow-green Vireo (Vireo flavoviridis)

Yellow-green Vireo

Vireo flavoviridis
A photo of a Yellow-throated Vireo (Vireo flavifrons)

Yellow-throated Vireo

Vireo flavifrons

Yucatan Vireo

Vireo magister
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