Figbirds, Orioles, Turnagra

The Old World orioles are part of the Oriolidae family of passerine birds, which includes the piopios, figbirds, pitohuis, and several varieties of orioles. This family is unrelated to the New World orioles, sharing only superficial traits due to convergent evolution. Genetic studies have revised the groupings within this family, introducing piopios to the family after 2011. They exhibit a range of colors with males generally brighter than females, an exception being figbirds who share similar plumage between sexes. These medium-sized birds, approximately 20-30 cm in length, have slight curves in their beaks, with figbirds featuring shorter beaks. Primarily found across Africa, Europe, Asia, and Australia, they inhabit various environments and some species are migratory. Typically monogamous, orioles breed in pairs, utilizing nests that are woven cups suspended from branches, with some figbirds preferring colony breeding. As opportunistic omnivores, their diet mainly consists of fruit, berries, arthropods, and nectar, feeding mostly in the treetops. The family also includes at least two extinct genera, emphasizing the diversity and changes that have occurred within this group over time.