Weavers, Widowbirds

The Ploceidae family, comprising small passerine birds known commonly as weavers or weaverbirds, are recognized for their skill in creating elaborate nests woven from vegetation. Introduced by Swedish zoologist Carl Jakob Sundevall in 1836, this family's taxonomy has been refined by recent molecular studies, which show that the traditional genus Ploceus is polyphyletic. The family consists of 15 genera and 126 species, most of which are native to sub-Saharan Africa, with a few in tropical Asia; some species have been introduced elsewhere. Male weavers are typically brightly colored, especially in red or yellow and black, sometimes changing colors during the breeding season. These birds, which mainly feed on seeds, favor habitats close to water bodies and often build their nests in colonies. The intricacies of their nests, varying in size, shape, and material, showcase their advanced nest-building abilities. For example, sociable weavers construct large communal nests with separate chambers, whereas sparrow weavers live in smaller family groups that practice cooperative breeding. Weaverbirds are usually gregarious and breed colonially, with males weaving intricate nests to attract females. Although they are an interesting study for ornithologists, some species like the red-billed quelea can become agricultural pests, leading to significant crop damage.