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Rails, Crakes & Coots

Rails, or Rallidae, are a diverse family of small to medium-sized birds found worldwide, except for Antarctica, deserts, polar regions, and high mountains. This family includes species like crakes, coots, and gallinules, many of which favor wetlands but can be found in various terrestrial habitats. Rails have evolved a remarkable range, from 12 to 63 cm in length, with some species having markedly long necks and laterally compressed bodies. Their bills are particularly varied, some being considerably long, while others are short and broad, and a few species feature a significant frontal shield. These birds generally have limited sexual size dimorphism and their calls are often loud, aiding communication through dense vegetation. Rails typically exhibit short, rounded wings and although they're not powerful fliers, many can sustain long flights during migration. However, their flight is so weak that it easily leads them off course, which is why they're often found on isolated islands. This propensity for weak flight and even flightlessness is a classic example of parallel evolution, particularly abundant on islands where lack of predators renders the ability to fly unnecessary. Flightless birds tend to have fewer energy requirements, and this has allowed for the diversification and adaptation of rails to various ecological niches on islands. Unfortunately, many island rail species have gone extinct or are endangered due to human activity and introduction of predators. Rails typically have a diet that includes invertebrates, fruit, or seedlings, and they are often shy and secretive birds that prefer dense vegetation near water bodies. They usually lay five to 10 eggs, are most often monogamous, and sometimes experience polygyny and polyandry. Humans have hunted rails for their meat and eggs, and some species like the Guam rail have suffered greatly from introduced species. Conservation efforts continue to try and save those that are endangered. The classification of rails, as evidenced by genetic studies, places them within the larger order of Gruiformes or, in some cases, their own order of Ralliformes. The family is scientifically recognized as having been described by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque in 1815 and contains numerous genera and species, with a rich fossil record extending into the Eocene. Some species and genera have recently become extinct due to human impact. Overall, the Rallidae family is characterized by their adaptability and the remarkable cases of flightlessness seen among island species. Conservation efforts remain crucial to protect the existing diversity within this family of birds.

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African & Green Broadbills
African & New World Parrots
African Barbets
Albatrosses
Anhingas, Darters
Auks
Austral Storm Petrels
Barn Owls
Bee-eaters
Bulbuls
Buntings
Bushshrikes
Bustards
Buttonquail
Caracaras, Falcons
Cettia Bush Warblers & Allies
Chats, Old World Flycatchers
Cisticolas & Allies
Cormorants, Shags
Coursers, Pratincoles
Cranes
Crombecs, African Warblers
Crows, Jays
Cuckoos
Cuckooshrikes
Dapple-throat & Allies
Drongos
Ducks, Geese, Swans
Egyptian Plover
Fairy Flycatchers
Figbirds, Orioles, Turnagra
Finches, Euphonias
Finfoots
Flamingos
Flufftails
Frigatebirds
Gannets, Boobies
Grassbirds & Allies
Grebes
Ground Babblers
Ground Hornbills
Guineafowl
Gulls, Terns, Skimmers
Hamerkop
Herons, Bitterns
Honeyguides
Hoopoes
Hornbills
Hylias
Hyliotas
Ibises, Spoonbills
Indigobirds, Whydahs
Jacanas
Kingfishers
Kites, Hawks, Eagles
Larks
Laughingthrushes & Allies
Leaf Warblers & Allies
Monarchs
Mousebirds
New World Quail
Nicators
Nightjars
Northern Storm Petrels
Old World Parrots
Old World Sparrows, Snowfinches
Ospreys
Ostriches
Owls
Oxpeckers
Oystercatchers
Painted-snipes
Pelicans
Penduline Tits
Penguins
Petrels, Shearwaters, Diving Petrels
Pheasants & Allies
Pigeons, Doves
Pittas
Plovers

Rails, Crakes & Coots

Reed Warblers & Allies
Rockfowl
Rollers
Sandgrouse
Sandpipers, Snipes
Secretarybird
Shoebill
Shrikes
Skuas
Starlings, Rhabdornis
Stilts, Avocets
Stone-curlews, Thick-knees
Storks
Streaked Scrub Warbler
Sunbirds
Swallows, Martins
Swifts
Sylviid Babblers
Thrushes
Tits, Chickadees
Treecreepers
Trogons
Tropicbirds
Turacos
Typical Broadbills
Vangas & Allies
Wagtails, Pipits
Wattle-eyes, Batises
Waxbills, Munias & Allies
Weavers, Widowbirds
White-eyes
Wood Hoopoes
Woodpeckers
Yellow Flycatchers
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Species Categories

African & Green BroadbillsAfrican & New World ParrotsAfrican BarbetsAlbatrossesAnhingas, DartersAuksAustral Storm PetrelsBarn OwlsBee-eatersBulbulsBuntingsBushshrikesBustardsButtonquailCaracaras, FalconsCettia Bush Warblers & AlliesChats, Old World FlycatchersCisticolas & AlliesCormorants, ShagsCoursers, PratincolesCranesCrombecs, African WarblersCrows, JaysCuckoosCuckooshrikesDapple-throat & AlliesDrongosDucks, Geese, SwansEgyptian PloverFairy FlycatchersFigbirds, Orioles, TurnagraFinches, EuphoniasFinfootsFlamingosFlufftailsFrigatebirdsGannets, BoobiesGrassbirds & AlliesGrebesGround BabblersGround HornbillsGuineafowlGulls, Terns, SkimmersHamerkopHerons, BitternsHoneyguidesHoopoesHornbillsHyliasHyliotasIbises, SpoonbillsIndigobirds, WhydahsJacanasKingfishersKites, Hawks, EaglesLarksLaughingthrushes & AlliesLeaf Warblers & AlliesMonarchsMousebirdsNew World QuailNicatorsNightjarsNorthern Storm PetrelsOld World ParrotsOld World Sparrows, SnowfinchesOspreysOstrichesOwlsOxpeckersOystercatchersPainted-snipesPelicansPenduline TitsPenguinsPetrels, Shearwaters, Diving PetrelsPheasants & AlliesPigeons, DovesPittasPloversRails, Crakes & CootsReed Warblers & AlliesRockfowlRollersSandgrouseSandpipers, SnipesSecretarybirdShoebillShrikesSkuasStarlings, RhabdornisStilts, AvocetsStone-curlews, Thick-kneesStorksStreaked Scrub WarblerSunbirdsSwallows, MartinsSwiftsSylviid BabblersThrushesTits, ChickadeesTreecreepersTrogonsTropicbirdsTuracosTypical BroadbillsVangas & AlliesWagtails, PipitsWattle-eyes, BatisesWaxbills, Munias & AlliesWeavers, WidowbirdsWhite-eyesWood HoopoesWoodpeckersYellow Flycatchers

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Great app
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I’m relatively new to birding as a hobby, and Birda is a great way to keep track off all the species I see. I’m still working on my ID skills, but the app is great for figuring out potential species, and the online community is so friendly and helpful. Definitely recommend Birda to both early and serious birders! 🐦
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I absolutely love the community aspect of this app. The app is so user friendly and has fun interactive challenges to get you out birding. I’ve tried others but since I’ve started using Birda I’ve not gone back!
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The best bird logging app
Birda is honestly the best bird logging app I have seen. I love all the features it has from being able to do a session and log all the birds you see in one sitting, to being able to connect with other birders from all over the globe!
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Enjoying it immensely and finding it useful too. Recording the different birds and counting them is showing me how the present climate is affecting them all. I've trebled the numbers by planting native hedging. A great app.
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Great birding app, good for logging your sightings, also has nice species guide. I'm enjoying the social aspect more than I expected, everyone seems friendly and helps to identify unknown birds. Good mix of newbies and experienced users.
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