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Penduline Tits

Penduline tits are a family of small, passerine birds known for their distinctive bag nests that hang from trees, often over water. These birds, which range from 7.5 to 11 cm in length, have fine bills and display plumage that is typically pale gray, yellow, and white, with variations such as black, chestnut, red or bright yellow in certain species like the European penduline tit. Penduline tits inhabit regions across Eurasia, Africa, and North America, with the largest genre located in sub-Saharan Africa and another notable presence is in Palearctic from Portugal to Japan. The verdin, residing in arid southwestern U.S. and northern Mexico, opts for a domed nest constructed from thorny twigs. These active foragers primarily eat insects, but also consume nectar, seeds, and fruits depending on the season. Their foraging behavior includes intricate movements, such as foraging upside-down, and handling food with their feet, which is similar to the true tits. Notably, penduline tits live in small flocks for most of the year and exhibit migratory patterns in certain Eurasian species, while African species and the verdin are non-migratory. Penduline tits present unique reproductive traits such as constructing elaborate nests using materials like spiderwebs and soft plant components, with some African species creating nests with faux entrances to deceive predators. Egg characteristics vary by species, with incubation lasting around 13 to 14 days and offspring fledging in approximately 18 days. Interestingly, genetic studies show that higher occurrences of non-pair offspring in penduline tits correlate to a reduction of male parental care. The family Remizidae, introduced by Léon Olphe-Galliard in 1891, consists of 11 species across 3 genera and has been linked closely to the true tit family (Paridae), though their exact classification remains a subject of debate among ornithologists. The family incorporates elusive species whose placement within this group or related ones continues to be reassessed based on new scientific insights.

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Accentors
African & Green Broadbills
Albatrosses
Alcippe Fulvettas
Anhingas, Darters
Asian Barbets
Auks
Austral Storm Petrels
Australasian Babblers
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Australasian Warblers
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Australo-Papuan Bellbirds
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Bushtits
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Buttonquail
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Cettia Bush Warblers & Allies
Chats, Old World Flycatchers
Cisticolas & Allies
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Cormorants, Shags
Coursers, Pratincoles
Crab-plover
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Crombecs, African Warblers
Crows, Jays
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Cupwings
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Ducks, Geese, Swans
Elachura
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Figbirds, Orioles, Turnagra
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Gannets, Boobies
Goldcrests, Kinglets
Grassbirds & Allies
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Honeyguides
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Hylocitrea
Ibisbill
Ibises, Spoonbills
Ifrit
Indigobirds, Whydahs
Ioras
Jacanas
Jewel-babblers, Quail-thrushes
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Kites, Hawks, Eagles
Larks
Laughingthrushes & Allies
Leaf Warblers & Allies
Leafbirds
Longspurs, Snow Buntings
Magpie Goose
Megapodes
Melampittas
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Mottled Berryhunter
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Nuthatches
Old World Parrots
Old World Sparrows, Snowfinches
Ospreys
Owls
Oystercatchers
Painted-snipes
Parrotbills & Allies
Pelicans

Penduline Tits

Petrels, Shearwaters, Diving Petrels
Pheasants & Allies
Pigeons, Doves
Pittas
Ploughbill
Plovers
Rail-babbler
Rails, Crakes & Coots
Reed Warblers & Allies
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Sandpipers, Snipes
Shrikes
Sittellas
Skuas
Starlings, Rhabdornis
Stilts, Avocets
Stone-curlews, Thick-knees
Storks
Sunbirds
Swallows, Martins
Swifts
Sylviid Babblers
Thrushes
Tits, Chickadees
Treecreepers
Treeswifts
Trogons
Tropicbirds
Typical Broadbills
Vangas & Allies
Vireos, Greenlets, Shrike-babblers
Wagtails, Pipits
Wallcreeper
Waxbills, Munias & Allies
Waxwings
Weavers, Widowbirds
Whipbirds
Whistlers & Allies
White-eyes
Woodpeckers
Woodswallows, Butcherbirds & Allies
Wrens
Jayshrike
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Species Categories

AccentorsAfrican & Green BroadbillsAlbatrossesAlcippe FulvettasAnhingas, DartersAsian BarbetsAuksAustral Storm PetrelsAustralasian BabblersAustralasian RobinsAustralasian WarblersAustralasian WrensAustralo-Papuan BellbirdsBabblers, Scimitar BabblersBarn OwlsBee-eatersBirds-of-paradiseBoatbillsBristleheadBulbulsBuntingsBushtitsBustardsButtonquailCaracaras, FalconsCassowaries, EmuCettia Bush Warblers & AlliesChats, Old World FlycatchersCisticolas & AlliesCockatoosCormorants, ShagsCoursers, PratincolesCrab-ploverCranesCrombecs, African WarblersCrows, JaysCuckoosCuckooshrikesCupwingsDippersDrongosDucks, Geese, SwansElachuraFairy FlycatchersFairy-bluebirdsFantailsFigbirds, Orioles, TurnagraFinches, EuphoniasFinfootsFlamingosFlowerpeckersFlufftailsFrigatebirdsFrogmouthsGannets, BoobiesGoldcrests, KingletsGrassbirds & AlliesGrebesGround BabblersGulls, Terns, SkimmersHerons, BitternsHoneyeatersHoneyguidesHoopoesHornbillsHylocitreaIbisbillIbises, SpoonbillsIfritIndigobirds, WhydahsIorasJacanasJewel-babblers, Quail-thrushesKingfishersKites, Hawks, EaglesLarksLaughingthrushes & AlliesLeaf Warblers & AlliesLeafbirdsLongspurs, Snow BuntingsMagpie GooseMegapodesMelampittasMonarchsMottled BerryhunterNightjarsNorthern Storm PetrelsNuthatchesOld World ParrotsOld World Sparrows, SnowfinchesOspreysOwlsOystercatchersPainted-snipesParrotbills & AlliesPelicansPenduline TitsPetrels, Shearwaters, Diving PetrelsPheasants & AlliesPigeons, DovesPittasPloughbillPloversRail-babblerRails, Crakes & CootsReed Warblers & AlliesRollersSandpipers, SnipesShrikesSittellasSkuasStarlings, RhabdornisStilts, AvocetsStone-curlews, Thick-kneesStorksSunbirdsSwallows, MartinsSwiftsSylviid BabblersThrushesTits, ChickadeesTreecreepersTreeswiftsTrogonsTropicbirdsTypical BroadbillsVangas & AlliesVireos, Greenlets, Shrike-babblersWagtails, PipitsWallcreeperWaxbills, Munias & AlliesWaxwingsWeavers, WidowbirdsWhipbirdsWhistlers & AlliesWhite-eyesWoodpeckersWoodswallows, Butcherbirds & AlliesWrensJayshrike

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