Ural Owl

The Ural owl (Strix uralensis) is a large, nocturnal bird of prey, belonging to the true owl family, Strigidae. It is characterized by a broad, rounded head, a round facial disc with a tiny V-shaped indentation, and notably long tail with a wedge-shaped tip. The plumage is generally pale grey-brown to whitish, with a slightly darker back and mantle adorned with contrasting whitish markings. The underparts are boldly streaked with dark brown. In flight, the Ural owl displays buffish-white underwings with heavy dark bars and a long white-tipped tail that often appears slung downwards. The eyes are dark brown and almond-shaped, and the bill is yellowish with a dirty yellow cere. The species is sexually dimorphic, with females being slightly larger than males.

Identification Tips

To identify the Ural owl, look for its long tail, pale plumage with distinct streaking below, and deep, relaxed wingbeats in flight. The eyes are small and closely set, giving the bird a less fierce appearance than some other large owls.

Habitat

The Ural owl is typically associated with the vast taiga forests of Eurosiberia but also inhabits mixed forests and temperate deciduous forests.

Distribution

This species has an extensive range across the Palearctic, from Scandinavia and eastern Europe through Russia to Sakhalin and Japan.

Behaviour

The Ural owl is territorial and residential, often active during daylight in warmer months. It is known for its fierce defense of its brood.

Song & Calls

The male's song is a deep rhythmic series of notes, while the female's is similar but hoarser. The species also uses a variety of calls for communication and alarm.

Breeding

Ural owls are monogamous and vigorously protect their territory. They nest in a variety of natural sites and have adapted to nest boxes. Breeding success is closely tied to prey populations.

Similar Species

The Ural owl can be confused with the barred owl, tawny owl, great grey owl, and Eurasian eagle-owl, but can be distinguished by differences in size, plumage, and vocalizations.

Diet and Feeding

The Ural owl is a dietary generalist, primarily preying on small mammals like voles. It hunts mostly from a perch and stores surplus food at the nest or nearby depots.

Conservation status

The Ural owl is considered a stable species with a conservation status of least concern. However, habitat loss and collisions with manmade structures pose threats in some areas. Reintroduction efforts have been successful in parts of Europe.