Western Screech Owl

The Western Screech Owl, Megascops kennicottii, is a diminutive raptor, averaging 22 cm in length with a wingspan of 55 cm and a weight of around 143 grams. Sexual dimorphism is present, with females typically larger than males, and geographical variation noted, as northern populations exceed the size of their southern counterparts. Unlike the Whiskered Screech Owl, this species boasts larger feet and a more pronounced streaked plumage pattern.

Identification Tips

This owl exhibits several morphs, including brown Pacific, grey Pacific, Great Plains, Mojave, and Mexican, all characterized by brown or dark gray plumage with streaking on the underparts. Notably absent is a red morph. The bird's round head is adorned with ear tufts, and it possesses yellow eyes and a yellowish bill. Due to its close resemblance to the Whiskered and Eastern Screech Owls, auditory cues from their calls are often the most reliable method for identification.

Habitat

The Western Screech Owl's habitat is diverse, encompassing temperate and subtropical montane forests, shrubland, deserts, rural fields, and even suburban parks and gardens.

Distribution

This species is native to a broad range, including Canada, the United States, Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Costa Rica, and Nicaragua.

Behaviour

Permanent residents of their range, these owls exhibit strong territoriality and monogamous pair bonds. Courtship involves mutual preening and vocal duets, with males providing food to females during nesting.

Song & Calls

The primary call is an accelerating series of short whistles or a trill that descends slightly at the end. Other vocalizations include barking and chuckling. The bounce and double trill songs are sexually dimorphic, with males typically producing lower frequency calls than females.

Breeding

Western Screech Owls produce clutches of 2-7 eggs, with the male providing sustenance to the brooding female. Post-hatching, both parents are involved in feeding and protecting the owlets, with the female remaining with the young for the first three weeks before joining the male in hunting.

Nesting

These owls prefer cavities in trees, banks, or cliffs, often utilizing spaces created by other species or natural causes. The cavities, which can be used for several years, provide both shelter and camouflage.

Hunting and Prey

Nocturnal hunters, Western Screech Owls prey on small mammals, birds, and large insects, with their diet varying seasonally and geographically. They are known to scavenge and take advantage of the spring migration of birds to feed their young.

Conservation Status

The species is currently classified as "Least Concern" but is experiencing a slow decline in the Pacific Northwest. Human activities and climate events pose threats, but conservation efforts, including the provision of nest boxes, have been met with some success.

Subspecies

Nine subspecies of the Western Screech Owl are recognized, each with slight variations in their range and appearance.