Eastern Buzzard

The Eastern Buzzard, Buteo japonicus, is a medium to large raptor that is sometimes considered a subspecies of the widespread Common Buzzard (Buteo buteo). This bird of prey has sparked debate among scientists, with some recognizing it as a distinct species since 2008, while others continue to view it as one or three subspecies.

Identification Tips

The Eastern Buzzard is similar in appearance to the Steppe Buzzard, with a robust body, broad wings, and a short tail. Its plumage can vary, but typically features a mix of brown tones with lighter and darker patterns across its feathers.

Habitat

This buzzard is native to a range of habitats across Mongolia, China, Japan, and some offshore islands, adapting to the local environments it inhabits.

Distribution

The Eastern Buzzard breeds in regions such as Siberia, Mongolia, northern China, and North Korea. During the winter months, it migrates to Southeast Asia. The subspecies B. j. japonicus is known to breed only in Japan and spends its winters from southern Japan to southeastern China and Taiwan. Other subspecies, such as B. j. toyoshimai and B. j. oshiroi, are found on the Izu, Bonin, and Daito Islands respectively.

Behaviour

As a carnivorous raptor, the Eastern Buzzard exhibits behaviors typical of predatory birds. It is adept at hunting and is known to rise to the challenge in environments with flight disturbances, such as airports.

Breeding

The Eastern Buzzard includes four subspecies, each with its own breeding range. B. j. burmanicus breeds in the northern regions and winters in Southeast Asia, while B. j. japonicus is a resident breeder in Japan.

Similar Species

The Eastern Buzzard is often compared to the Steppe Buzzard due to their similar size and appearance. However, subtle differences in plumage and range can help distinguish the two.

Diet and Feeding

As a carnivore, the Eastern Buzzard feeds on a variety of prey, utilizing its keen senses and powerful flight to hunt effectively in its native range.

Conservation status

The IUCN Red List has classified the Eastern Buzzard as Least Concern, indicating that currently, this species does not face any significant threats to its population.

In the spirit of Sir David Attenborough, one might imagine his voice imparting the essence of the Eastern Buzzard: "In the vast skies of its Asian range, the Eastern Buzzard soars with a quiet majesty, its keen eyes surveying the land below for the slightest movement. This adept hunter, with its mottled brown plumage, is a sight to behold as it glides effortlessly on the thermals, a master of the air and a vital part of the ecosystem it graces."