Wahlberg's Eagle

The Wahlberg's eagle, Hieraaetus wahlbergi, is a medium-sized raptor with a distinctive cross-shaped silhouette when in flight. Its wings are straight-edged, and it sports a square tail. Both male and female eagles are similar in appearance, with a body length ranging from 53 to 61 cm and a wingspan of 130 to 146 cm. Males typically weigh between 437 and 845 grams, while females are heavier, averaging 670 to 1400 grams. The species exhibits a small crest on its head and yellow legs. Plumage can vary, with some individuals displaying a dark brown coloration with dark-streaked grey undersides on their flight feathers and a barred grey undertail. There is also a pale variant, which is less common and features a lighter brown plumage with whitish undertail and flight feather undersides.

Identification Tips

When identifying Wahlberg's eagle, look for the cross shape in flight, the straight-edged wings, and the square tail. The small crest on the head and yellow legs are also key features. Pay attention to the plumage, which can range from dark to light brown, with the pale variant being much less common.

Habitat

Wahlberg's eagle is native to sub-Saharan Africa, favoring woodlands and savannas. It is typically found at elevations from sea level up to 1,800 meters, but has been recorded as high as 2,800 meters in Ethiopia.

Distribution

This eagle's range extends from central Chad to the northeastern coast of South Africa, with its western boundary around Cameroon. It is a seasonal migrant within this region.

Behaviour

Wahlberg's eagle is a versatile hunter, preying on birds, including other raptors, reptiles like lizards and snakes, and small mammals such as tree squirrels, mongooses, and hares. It also consumes various invertebrates, including termites, grasshoppers, and beetles. The species is known for its complex and spectacular aerial courtship displays and is monogamous, forming long-term pair bonds. They are territorial and solitary nesters, often reusing the same nest for multiple years.

Breeding

Breeding mainly occurs in southern Africa from October to February, coinciding with the wet season when food is more abundant. Wahlberg's eagles build stick nests in trees or palm crowns. The female is fed by the male and is responsible for feeding the chicks.

Diet and Feeding

Wahlberg's eagle has a varied diet that includes birds, reptiles, small mammals, and invertebrates. It is an adept hunter, capturing prey in its habitat of woodlands and savannas.

Conservation status

The Wahlberg's eagle is currently listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List, indicating that it is not at immediate risk of population decline or extinction.