Grey Petrel

The Grey Petrel, known also as the Brown Petrel, Pediunker, or Grey Shearwater, is a seabird of notable distinction within the Procellariidae family. This pelagic species graces the open seas of the Southern Hemisphere, predominantly between the latitudes of 32°S and 58°S. It is a bird of considerable size, with a length averaging 50 cm, a wingspan between 115 and 130 cm, and a weight around 1,000 g. Its plumage is a tapestry of brownish-grey across the mantle, back, and upperwings, while its belly remains a stark white. The underwings and undertail boast an ash-grey hue, complemented by a yellow-green bill and pink-grey feet.

Identification Tips

When observing the Grey Petrel, look for its large size and the contrast between its grey upperparts and white belly. The ash-grey underwings and undertail are key features, as is the yellow-green bill. In flight, its broad wings and steady, gliding motion are characteristic.

Habitat

The Grey Petrel is a bird of the open ocean, or pelagic zone, and is seldom seen near land except during the breeding season when it nests on remote islands.

Distribution

This species is found soaring over the southern oceans, with a range that extends from 32°S to 58°S. It breeds on several islands including Antipodes Island, Gough Island, Prince Edward Island, Marion Island, Tristan da Cunha, Crozet Islands, Kerguelen Islands, Amsterdam Island, Campbell Island, and Macquarie Island.

Behaviour

The Grey Petrel is a solitary bird at sea, often diving from heights up to 10 meters to capture its prey. It is known for its long-distance flights across the ocean.

Breeding

Breeding colonies are established on remote islands where the Grey Petrel constructs burrows for nesting. The breeding season commences as the birds return to their colonies in February and March. A single egg is laid by late March or early April, with both parents sharing incubation duties. The chick is then nurtured by both parents until it is ready to fledge between late September and early December.

Diet and Feeding

The Grey Petrel's diet is primarily composed of cephalopods, which it pursues with remarkable diving agility.

Conservation Status

The Grey Petrel is currently classified as Near Threatened. Its population is believed to be in decline due to threats such as introduced predators like cats and rats, as well as longline fishing practices. Conservation measures include the designation of Gough Island as a World Heritage Site and the implementation of long-term monitoring on Antipodes Island. Efforts to eradicate brown rats from Campbell Island have been successful, and there are plans for further censuses and studies to protect this species.