Yellow-wattled Lapwing

The Yellow-wattled Lapwing, Vanellus malabaricus, is a distinctive bird endemic to the Indian Subcontinent. It is characterized by its dull grey-brown plumage, contrasting black cap, and striking yellow legs. A notable feature is the triangular yellow wattle at the base of its beak, which gives the species its name. These medium-sized waders exhibit a pale brown coloration with a white underbelly, separated by a narrow blackish line from the brown neck and upper breast.

Identification Tips

When identifying the Yellow-wattled Lapwing, look for the black crown separated from the neck by a white band and the large yellow facial wattles. The chin and throat are black, and the tail features a subterminal black band. In flight, a white wingbar is visible on the inner half of the wing. The bill is yellow at the base, and they possess tiny yellow carpal spurs. The sexes appear similar, but males may have slightly longer wings and tarsi.

Habitat

This species thrives in dry, stony, and open grassland or scrub habitats. They prefer drier environments compared to their cousin, the Red-wattled Lapwing.

Distribution

The Yellow-wattled Lapwing is commonly found across India, with sightings in Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka. They do not typically migrate but may move seasonally in response to rainfall patterns.

Behaviour

These lapwings are sedentary, though they may undertake long-distance movements triggered by the monsoons. They are ground birds, with nests consisting of a simple collection of tiny pebbles. The species is known for its sharp call and swift flight capabilities.

Song & Calls

The call of the Yellow-wattled Lapwing is a sharp "tchee-it," which is often heard during their active periods.

Breeding

Breeding occurs in the dry season, with a peak from March to May, just before the monsoons. Their territories are estimated to be around 2.7 acres, and they typically lay four eggs in a ground scrape. Remarkably, the eggs tend to hatch simultaneously, despite being laid days apart.

Similar Species

While there are no recognized subspecies, there is a size gradient with larger individuals found further north. Juveniles can be distinguished by their brown crowns.

Diet and Feeding

Their diet consists mainly of beetles, termites, and other invertebrates, which they pick from the ground.

Conservation status

The IUCN Red List classifies the Yellow-wattled Lapwing as Least Concern, indicating a stable population without significant threats at present.