Spur-winged Lapwing

The Spur-winged Lapwing, or Spur-winged Plover (Vanellus spinosus), presents a striking figure in the avian world. This medium-large wader is adorned with a black crown, chest, foreneck stripe, and tail, contrasting sharply with its white face, neck, and belly. The wings and back are a light brown, while the bill and legs are a deep black. A notable feature, from which its name derives, is a small claw or spur concealed within each wing, a detail that adds to its unique character.

Identification Tips

When attempting to identify the Spur-winged Lapwing, look for the distinctive black and white patterning on the head and neck, as well as the light brown wings and back. The presence of the wing spurs, though not always visible, is a definitive characteristic. Its loud and unmistakable "did-he-do-it" call often announces its presence before it is seen.

Habitat

The Spur-winged Lapwing shows a preference for marshes and similar freshwater wetland habitats, where it can be observed foraging and nesting.

Distribution

This species is native to the eastern Mediterranean and a broad swath from sub-Saharan West Africa to Arabia. Populations in Greece and Turkey exhibit migratory behavior, while others remain resident year-round. The bird has experienced a decline in its northern range but thrives in tropical Africa, adapting readily to various wetland habitats within its range.

Behaviour

The Spur-winged Lapwing is known for its assertive demeanor, especially when defending its offspring. It feeds primarily on insects and other invertebrates, which it picks from the ground. During the breeding season, it lays four blotchy yellowish eggs in a simple ground scrape. The species is also noted for its willingness to use its wing spurs in defense against potential threats to its young.

Song & Calls

The vocalizations of the Spur-winged Lapwing are hard to miss. Its call, a resonant "did-he-do-it," serves as both a communication tool and a warning to intruders.

Breeding

Breeding Spur-winged Lapwings lay a clutch of four eggs, which are camouflaged with blotchy markings. The nest is a mere scrape on the ground, often in open areas near water.

Similar Species

While the Spur-winged Lapwing is quite distinctive, it could potentially be confused with other lapwing species. However, the combination of its coloration, wing spurs, and vocalizations generally make it unmistakable.

Diet and Feeding

The diet of the Spur-winged Lapwing consists mainly of insects and other small invertebrates. It forages on the ground, often near water, where such prey is abundant.

Conservation status

The Spur-winged Lapwing is currently classified as Least Concern by the IUCN. While it faces pressures in parts of its range, the species remains abundant across much of tropical Africa.