Senegal Coucal

The Senegal coucal, Centropus senegalensis, is a medium-sized bird within the cuckoo order, Cuculiformes. It boasts a striking appearance with a black crown, nape, upper parts, bill, legs, and elongated tail. The eyes of this species are a captivating red, while the wings present a rich chestnut hue. The underparts are a creamy white, accented with blackish barring on the flanks.

Identification Tips

When identifying the Senegal coucal, look for its black upper body and tail, contrasting with chestnut wings and creamy underparts. The red eyes are a distinctive feature, as is the barring on the flanks. Juveniles may appear browner with more pronounced barring and streaking.

Habitat

This bird favors grassy environments interspersed with trees, such as bushlands and savannahs, providing it with ample cover and foraging opportunities.

Distribution

The Senegal coucal's range spans across central and southern Africa, south of the Sahara Desert. It can be found from Senegal and Gambia in the west, across to Ethiopia and Kenya in the east, and reaching down to Angola and Congo in the south. A separate population resides in southern Africa, particularly around Zambia, Zimbabwe, and northern Botswana.

Behaviour

The Senegal coucal is known for its wide-ranging diet, which includes insects, caterpillars, and small vertebrates. It is also known to consume other food items on occasion. This species is terrestrial and often seen foraging on the ground.

Song & Calls

The presence of the Senegal coucal is often made known by its loud and distinctive ook-ook-ook call, a sound that resonates through its preferred habitats.

Breeding

Breeding Senegal coucals construct their nests off the ground within low vegetation. The nests are large, crafted from stalks and leaves, and typically contain two to four eggs.

Similar Species

While the Senegal coucal is unique in its appearance, it may be confused with other coucals or large cuckoos. However, its coloration and habitat preferences are usually sufficient for accurate identification.

Diet and Feeding

The diet of the Senegal coucal is varied, including a range of insects, caterpillars, and occasionally small vertebrates. It forages primarily on the ground, using its strong legs and feet to uncover prey.

Conservation Status

The Senegal coucal is classified as "Least Concern" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). It is an abundant species with a broad range and currently faces no significant threats to its population.