White-rumped Munia

The White-rumped Munia, known scientifically as Lonchura striata, is a diminutive passerine bird belonging to the waxbill "finches" family, Estrildidae. This species is not closely related to the true finches or sparrows. It is characterized by its small size, approximately 10 to 11 cm in length, with a stout grey bill and a sharply pointed black tail. The plumage is generally brown above and on the breast, with a paler underside and a distinctive white rump.

Identification Tips

Adult White-rumped Munias exhibit brown upperparts and breast, with lighter underparts. The white rump is a key distinguishing feature. While there is some variation among subspecies, males and females are nearly indistinguishable, though males may possess a slightly more robust head and bill.

Habitat

This species thrives in open woodlands, grasslands, and scrub areas. It is also quite adept at adapting to agricultural landscapes. The White-rumped Munia is often found near water and is known to feed on algae, particularly in paddy fields.

Distribution

The White-rumped Munia is a common resident breeder across the Indian subcontinent, extending to southern China, Taiwan, and Southeast Asia down to Sumatra.

Behaviour

These gregarious birds typically move in groups through the undergrowth, sometimes joining other species such as the puff-throated babbler. They are known to utilize abandoned nests of the Baya weaver for their own breeding purposes.

Breeding

The nest of the White-rumped Munia is a large domed structure made of grass, situated in trees, bushes, or grasses. They lay three to eight white eggs per clutch.

Similar Species

The White-rumped Munia can be confused with other munia species, but its white rump and the habitat it frequents can help in its identification.

Diet and Feeding

Primarily seed-eaters, these birds forage in the undergrowth. They have also been observed consuming algae, which may provide a source of protein.

Conservation Status

The IUCN lists the White-rumped Munia as Least Concern. It is widespread and common throughout its range, and even subspecies with limited ranges, such as those on the Nicobar Islands, appear to be coping well with human encroachment. However, in some locales, they can become pests to crops like millets.