White-tailed Stonechat

The White-tailed Stonechat (Saxicola leucurus) is a charming bird, a member of the Muscicapidae family. It bears a striking resemblance to the European Stonechat, with the male sporting a black head, a white collar, and a bright rufous chest patch. The back and wings are dark, adorned with white on the wing coverts and rump. A distinctive feature is the white inner webs of the outer tail feathers, which are particularly visible when the bird is in flight or alighting, though less so when the tail is at rest.

Identification Tips

When observing the White-tailed Stonechat, look for the male's contrasting black head and white collar, along with the rufous chest. The white on the wing coverts and rump is also a key identifier. Females are paler than their European counterparts, with a duller rump, tail, and wings, making them slightly more challenging to distinguish.

Habitat

These birds favor marshy habitats, thriving in grasslands and areas with tall grasses, reeds, and tamarisk. They are well-adapted to their environment, which provides both food and shelter.

Distribution

The White-tailed Stonechat is a resident species found across the plains of Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, and North, Central, and Eastern India, extending to the South Assam Hills & Manipur. They exhibit local movements, which may be influenced by water availability and breeding considerations.

Behaviour

Typically found in loose pairs, though occasionally seen alone, these stonechats exhibit typical hunting behavior, dropping to the ground or making short flights from perches to catch prey. They are active and alert, contributing to the vibrancy of their habitats.

Breeding

The breeding season peaks from March to May. During this time, the White-tailed Stonechat constructs a cup-shaped nest in natural depressions on the ground, often among plants such as lotuses or tamarisk, providing a secure place for their young.

Similar Species

The White-tailed Stonechat is often compared to the European Stonechat, but can be differentiated by the white in the tail and the male's brighter rufous chest patch.

Diet and Feeding

These birds are insectivorous, adept at catching insects by swooping down from their perches or making short flights.

Conservation status

The IUCN Red List classifies the White-tailed Stonechat as Least Concern, indicating that, currently, there are no immediate threats to its population levels.