Lesser Greenlet

The lesser greenlet, scientifically known as Pachysylvia decurtata, is a diminutive member of the vireo family. This avian species is characterized by its olive-green upperparts and a pale grey head adorned with a distinct white eye ring. The underparts are predominantly white, with a subtle yellow hue on the breast and hints of olive along the flanks. An adult lesser greenlet measures approximately 10 cm in length and tips the scales at a mere 9 grams.

Identification Tips

To identify the lesser greenlet, look for its small stature and the contrast between its olive-green back and pale grey head. The white eye ring is a key feature, along with the yellowish tinge on the breast. Juveniles may appear duller with brownish upperparts and a buff tone to the head and breast sides.

Habitat

The lesser greenlet is commonly found in the lowlands and foothills, thriving up to an elevation of 1,200 meters. It favors the forest canopy and edges, as well as the crowns of trees in tall secondary growth or semi-open areas.

Distribution

This species has a broad range, breeding from northeastern Mexico down to western Ecuador. It is a resident bird, meaning it does not typically migrate.

Behaviour

Lesser greenlets are known to join mixed-species feeding flocks, often associating with gnatcatchers, warblers, and honeycreepers. They exhibit a preference for foraging in the foliage of trees.

Song & calls

The call of the lesser greenlet is a nasal "neeah-neeah-neeah-neeah," while its song is a melodious whistle, "chi chi cher cher cher cher chiri cher," which is slower and more tuneful than that of the yellow-green vireo.

Breeding

The nest of the lesser greenlet is a deep cup constructed from dead leaves and spiderwebs, skillfully attached by the rim to branches 10–15 meters high in a tree. The typical clutch consists of two white eggs, marked with brown.

Similar Species

There are two recognized races of the lesser greenlet. The nominate race, H. d. decurtatus, found from central Panama southwards, sports a green crown, while the grey-crowned H. d. minor, found in the northern part of the range, was once considered a separate species known as the Grey-crowned Greenlet (H. minor). However, these two forms interbreed in central Panama and are now regarded as conspecific.

Diet and Feeding

The diet of the lesser greenlet includes spiders and insects gleaned from tree foliage. They also partake in small fruits and seeds as part of their varied diet.

Conservation status

The IUCN Red List classifies the lesser greenlet as Least Concern, indicating that the species does not currently face any significant threats to its survival.