Nullarbor Quail-thrush

The Nullarbor quail-thrush, Cinclosoma alisteri, presents a striking figure with its rufous upper plumage contrasted by black outer tail feathers tipped with white. Males are slightly larger than females, with their size ranging from 185 to 210 millimeters. The bird's lores, throat, breast, and areas beneath white spots at the shoulder are adorned with black coloration, adding to its distinctive appearance.

Identification Tips

When attempting to identify the Nullarbor quail-thrush, look for the characteristic rufous coloration of the upper parts and the unique pattern of black and white on the tail. The black markings on the face and underparts are also key features to distinguish this species from others.

Habitat

This bird is uniquely adapted to the limestone gibber plains of the Nullarbor Plain, where sparse vegetation provides a backdrop for its existence. It also thrives among the shrub-dominated plant communities that dot the steppe landscape.

Distribution

The Nullarbor quail-thrush is endemic to the Nullarbor Plain, a vast expanse straddling the border between Western and South Australia. This species is the only Australian bird with such a restricted range, confined to this singular arid environment.

Behaviour

The Nullarbor quail-thrush is a ground feeder, often seen foraging in a seemingly random manner, flipping stones in search of seeds and small invertebrates. Its habitat on the open plains allows it to detect approaching threats from afar, prompting a swift retreat to the safety of shrubs or rabbit burrows. Outside of breeding season, these birds may gather in small groups, but when breeding, pairs become territorial. Breeding can occur at any favorable time but is typically observed from August to September.

Breeding

Breeding sites are often simple depressions in the earth, sometimes lined with plant material and located against natural features for concealment. The female lays a clutch of usually two creamy white eggs, adorned with brownish or greyish spots, each measuring about 28 by 20 mm.

Similar Species

The Nullarbor quail-thrush shares its genus with the chestnut quail-thrush, Cinclosoma castanotum, which has a broader distribution that overlaps with this species, and the cinnamon quail-thrush, Cinclosoma cinnamomeum, found to the north of the Nullarbor.

Diet and Feeding

This species is adept at foraging on the ground, turning over stones in its quest for seeds and small invertebrates which comprise its diet.

Conservation status

The Nullarbor quail-thrush is currently classified as Least Concern by the IUCN, indicating that, at present, there are no immediate threats to its population levels.