Pauraque

The Pauraque, scientifically known as Nyctidromus albicollis, is a medium-sized nightjar with a length ranging from 8.7 to 11 inches. Exhibiting two color morphs, its plumage is a mottled tapestry of greyish-brown or rufous-brown. This bird is distinguished by its long tail and broad, rounded wings, which are complemented by a buff 'eye-ring' and 'facial stripe' that stand out against the reddish hues of its face.

Identification Tips

Males can be identified by a conspicuous white band near the wingtips and predominantly white outer tail feathers. Females, on the other hand, have a narrower wing band and less extensive white in the tail. Variations in size and plumage greyness help distinguish among the seven recognized subspecies.

Habitat

The Pauraque favors a variety of open habitats, including woodlands interspersed with grasslands, scrublands, and agricultural fields. It is particularly drawn to areas that offer a mix of dense vegetation for daytime concealment and open spaces for nocturnal hunting.

Distribution

This species' breeding range spans from southern Texas to the lower Paraná River region. It is largely sedentary, with most populations remaining resident throughout the year. The northernmost birds may migrate to eastern Mexico for wintering.

Behaviour

The Pauraque is a nocturnal bird that begins its activity at dusk. It is more terrestrial than its relatives, often choosing to run rather than fly when disturbed. It is known to rest on roads and paths during the day.

Song & Calls

The male's song is a complex and variable melody, including a whistled "weeeow wheeooo" reminiscent of a "who-r-you" query, a soft "puk puk," and a whip-like sound produced during courtship flights. The female responds with a rapid series of whip-like calls.

Breeding

Breeding involves laying two elongated, elliptical, pinkish eggs directly on the ground or leaf litter, without the construction of a nest. Occasionally, only a single egg is laid.

Diet and Feeding

The Pauraque feeds on insects, which it catches in flight. It employs a hunting strategy that involves flycatching from a low perch or foraging over open ground.

Conservation status

The Pauraque is classified as Least Concern by the IUCN. It has adapted well to human-altered habitats, benefiting from limited deforestation that creates ideal hunting grounds. However, it is vulnerable to predation by feral dogs and cats and will vacate heavily urbanized or clear-cut areas.