Yellow-bellied Flycatcher

The Yellow-bellied Flycatcher, Empidonax flaviventris, presents a charming palette of greenish upperparts contrasted with yellowish underparts, particularly vivid on the throat. A dusky wash adorns the chest, adding a subtle depth to its appearance. This small avian member of the tyrant flycatcher family is further distinguished by its white or yellow eye ring, which notably lacks the teardrop projection seen in some of its relatives.

Identification Tips

Upon closer inspection, one can observe the white or yellowish wing bars that stand out against the black wings, a broad and flat bill, and a relatively short tail, which sets it apart from other genus members. The upper mandible of the bill is dark, while the lower is a striking orange-pink. A particular field mark involving the buffy edging on the secondaries has been confirmed through DNA testing to be a reliable distinguishing feature from the so-called "Western Flycatchers."

Habitat

The Yellow-bellied Flycatcher favors the wet northern woods for its home, with a particular affinity for the spruce bogs that offer a serene backdrop to its existence.

Distribution

During the breeding season, these birds can be found across Canada and the northeastern United States. As the seasons turn, they embark on a journey to the warmer climes of southern Mexico and Central America.

Behaviour

With a penchant for perching low or mid-tree, the Yellow-bellied Flycatcher is an adept aerial hunter, darting out to snatch insects in flight and occasionally hovering over foliage. It is also known to partake in the occasional berry or seed, adding a touch of variety to its diet.

Song & calls

The song of the Yellow-bellied Flycatcher is a distinctive, rough "tse-berk," descending in tone and sometimes bearing resemblance to the more evenly pitched "che-bek" of the common Least Flycatcher.

Breeding

In the embrace of the northern woods, these birds craft a cup nest within the sphagnum moss, either on the ground or in close proximity, creating a secure and hidden cradle for their young.

Diet and Feeding

Insects form the staple of their diet, but they are not averse to supplementing their meals with berries or seeds when the opportunity arises.

Conservation status

The Yellow-bellied Flycatcher is currently classified as Least Concern by the IUCN, indicating a stable presence in the wild without immediate threats to its population.