Orange-billed Lorikeet

The Orange-billed Lorikeet, scientifically known as Neopsittacus pullicauda, is a diminutive and vibrant member of the Old World parrot family Psittaculidae. This species, with an average length of 18 cm (7.1 in) and a weight ranging from 25 to 40 g (0.88 to 1.41 oz), is adorned in a resplendent dark emerald green plumage. The underparts are a striking red, and the cheeks are accented with narrow yellow streaks. The bird's namesake orange bill is complemented by an iris of the same warm hue.

Identification Tips

To distinguish the Orange-billed Lorikeet from its relatives, note its smaller stature and more intensely colored feathers compared to the closely related Yellow-billed Lorikeet. The Orange-billed Lorikeet's bill is not only orange but also smaller, and its flanks and wings share the same shade of emerald green. The underside of its tail is a duller green with a red base, and it lacks the olive tint on the top of its head that is present in some similar species.

Habitat

This species is a highland dweller, favoring the cloud forests, forest edges, and adjacent cleared areas at elevations between 2,100 and 3,800 meters (6,900 to 12,500 feet) in the mountains of New Guinea.

Distribution

The Orange-billed Lorikeet is endemic to New Guinea, where it is found in the Central Range and the Huon Peninsula, but notably absent from the Bird's Head Peninsula.

Behaviour

These lorikeets are often seen in small flocks, engaging in their feeding rituals on pollen, nectar, flowers, and fruits. They exhibit a degree of nectarivory greater than that of their yellow-billed counterparts. Breeding occurs in October, with nests located in tree hollows where two eggs are typically laid.

Song & Calls

The vocal repertoire of the Orange-billed Lorikeet includes a high-pitched "tseet" and a series of other high-pitched, musical calls. These vocalizations are softer and more melodious than those of the Yellow-billed Lorikeet.

Breeding

The breeding season peaks in October. Nests are constructed within the cavities of tall trees, and clutches usually consist of two eggs.

Similar Species

The Yellow-billed Lorikeet is the most similar species in appearance, but the Orange-billed Lorikeet can be differentiated by its smaller size, more vivid plumage, and the distinctive orange bill.

Diet and Feeding

The diet of the Orange-billed Lorikeet is primarily composed of pollen, nectar, flowers, and fruits, with seeds being a less common component. They have been observed feeding on the seed cones of Papuacedrus papuana and the berries of Sericolea pullei.

Conservation status

The IUCN Red List categorizes the Orange-billed Lorikeet as Least Concern, recognizing its extensive range and stable population numbers. It is also listed on Appendix II of CITES, reflecting its commonality and minimal threat from habitat destruction or the wildlife trade.